Ukraine united: Act Zluky and Ukraine’s Unity Day

22 January, with its sovereignty threatened by Russian invasion, Ukraine will traditionally celebrate the Day of Unity. On the eve of this holiday, EMPR tells about its significance for Ukrainian people.

Ukraine’s Day of Unity is dedicated to unification of Ukraine that took place in 1919 for the first time for many hundred years. On 22 January, 1919 the Unification Act (Act Zluky) was signed between the Ukrainian People’s Republic and
the West Ukrainian People’s Republic on the St. Sophia Square in Kyiv. The Act stated:

 

‘The territory of Ukraine, divided over the centuries into the West Ukrainian People’s Republic (Galicia, Bukovyna, Hungarian Ukraine) and Dnieper Ukraine will now become united. Dreams, which the best sons of Ukraine fought and died for over centuries, have come true. From now on there is one untied and independent Ukrainian People’s Republic.’

The unified Ukrainian state, however, didn’t last long. Facing the fact of military catastrophe in autumn 1919 and in 1920, governments of both Republics were mainly concerned about their own regional interests.

In December 1920, the Ukrainian SSR was established as a part of the Soviet Union comprising mostly of the territory of the Ukrainian People’s Republic, while the territory of the West Ukrainian People’s Republic became part of Poland.

 

In 1939, as a result of Soviet-Nazi conspiracy known as the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact that divided, among other countries, the territory of Poland, the West Ukrainian People’s Republic became also part of the USSR.

On 22 January 1939, the Day of Unity of Ukraine was for the first time celebrated officially.

The most significant and memorable action marking Ukraine’s Day of Unity took place on 21 January 1990, when anticipating collapse of the USSR Ukrainian patriots united to build human chain between eastern and western Ukraine.

This chain became a symbol of united Ukraine. According to the different estimates, 1-3 million Ukrainians joined their hands that day to create a single chain unifying Donbas, Kyiv and Lviv.

Since then, human chains became traditional element of celebrating the Day of Unity all over Ukraine.

This year, the Day of Unity acquired new significance, since Ukraine sovereignty is endangered by Russian invasion. People all over Ukraine will take their hands and build human chains once more to show their unity in the face of Russia’s aggression.

EMPR

 

 

Tags: Culture tradition